![]() This trend has already been applied to research on arthropod vectors in which knowledge of population structure, dispersal and gene flow, especially in the framework of vector control, is of paramount importance. Significant reduction of costs of whole genome sequencing has led to a predictable shift of gold standard methods towards whole genome sequencing approaches, either whole genome resequencing or de novo DNA sequencing. This technological jump has pushed the fields of population genetics and phylogeography to a higher level of marker density than was conceivable in the PCR era. The described workflow is transferable to genotyping of small, non-model organisms, including arthropod vectors of pathogens of economic and medical importance.Īdvances in next generation sequencing technology have provided access to studies of whole genome variation. The presence of sub-structure in populations and loci under natural selection indicates the need for further investigation of the role of vectors in shaping the two Australian systems of BTV transmission. However, more extensive sampling over a wider spatial and temporal range is needed. ![]() The results suggest that genotyping vectors with high density markers in combination with biological and environmental data is useful. Bayesian analysis with STRUCTURE indicated a possible two-population cluster. Two loci showed a very strong signal for selection and were unique to the NT population. ![]() brevitarsis sub-population in the NT and this was confirmed by analysis of mitochondrial DNA. Phylogenetic analysis conducted using the filtered 3263 SNPs revealed the presence of a distinct C. The individuals were collected from regions representing two different Australian patterns of BTV strain distribution: the Northern Territory (NT) and the east coast. This study employed the GBS method to isolate SNP markers de novo from whole genome amplified Culicoides brevitarsis genomic DNA. This method has limitations for small organisms with low amounts of genomic DNA, such as the bluetongue virus (BTV) vectors, Culicoides midges. Genotyping by sequencing (GBS), a reduced representation library sequencing method, allows highly multiplexed sequencing of genomic subsets. The advent of genotyping by Next Generation Sequencing has enabled rapid discovery of thousands of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and high throughput genotyping of large populations at an affordable cost.
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